Tumor or infection near the base of the skull.Damage to the jugular vein along the side of the neck.Damage to the carotid artery along the side of the neck.Nerve damage in this region may be associated with the following:
A CONDITION CHARACTERIZED BY UNEQUAL PUPIL SIZE IS SKIN
This neuron path extends along the side of the neck and leads to facial skin and muscles of the iris and eyelids. Damage to the main blood vessel leading from the heart (aorta).Tumor of the myelin sheath (schwannoma).Causes related to nerve damage in this region may include: This neuron path extends from the spinal column, across the upper part of the chest and into the side of the neck. Cyst in the spinal column (syringomyelia).Diseases that cause the loss of the protective sheath on neurons (myelin).Problems in this region that can disrupt nerve function related to Horner syndrome include: This neuron pathway leads from the hypothalamus at the base of the brain, passes through the brainstem and extends into the upper portion of the spinal cord. The nerve pathway affected by Horner syndrome is divided into three groups of nerve cells (neurons). The sympathetic nervous system regulates heart rate, pupil size, perspiration, blood pressure and other functions that enable you to respond quickly to changes in your environment. Horner syndrome is caused by damage to a certain pathway in the sympathetic nervous system. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic Causes Muscle weakness or lack of muscle control.Get emergency care if signs or symptoms associated with Horner syndrome appear suddenly, appear after a traumatic injury, or are accompanied by other signs or symptoms, such as: It is important to get a prompt and accurate diagnosis. Change in color on the affected side of the face that would typically appear from heat, physical exertion or emotional reactionsĪ number of factors, some more serious than others, can cause Horner syndrome.Lighter iris color in the affected eye of a child under the age of 1.ChildrenĪdditional signs and symptoms in children with Horner syndrome may include: Signs and symptoms, particularly ptosis and anhidrosis, may be subtle and difficult to detect. Little or no sweating (anhidrosis) on the affected side of the face.Slight elevation of the lower lid, sometimes called upside-down ptosis.Little or delayed opening (dilation) of the affected pupil in dim light.A notable difference in pupil size between the two eyes (anisocoria).Horner syndrome usually affects only one side of the face.
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